Independent Order Of Red Men & Daughters Of Pocahontas, Including Afro-American Order Of Red Men

Founding Era | Year: Early 20th century (1900-1919) | 1902
Founding Place: Norfolk, Virginia
Founding & Reorganizing Leaders: R. M. Sears, Reverend William Daniel Woods, J. M. Ellis
Later Headquarters: Roanoke, VA
Geographic Scope: Multi-State (up to 9 states)
Gender Organization: Male / Female Partners
Type of Order: Legal battles about name, Parallel to white order, Provides benefits or life insurance
Civic Engagement: Supported NAACP or other civil rights association, Anti-lynching actions, Community charitable, public health, or education program, Fought for civil and/or voting rights
Original Sources: Emblem picture, Convention proceedings or event program, Badge picture, Leader bio from compendium, Member personal story
Updated: Jun 01, 2026